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Febrile seizure is one of the most common convulsive disease in childhood.Its pathogenesis is not yet clear.Sometimes the patients with febrile seizures may have fever after seizure and some epilepsy syndrome is characterized by febrile convulsions in the early stage, which makes the differential diagnosis particularly important.Studies have shown that cytokines and genes are involved in the pathogenesis of febrile convulsions.There are differences in the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 between febrile seizure and other diseases, and the underlying mechanism varies.This article discusses the research update on the expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in related fields from serum levels, cerebrospinal fluid levels, gene and therapeutic drug innovation, in order to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
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Objective:To explore a new technology that can protect the lungs and heart better by utilizing the dose distribution attributes of the half-field and the characteristics of the VMAT (volumetric modulated arc therapy) technology.Methods:A three-dimensional water tank was used to measure the dose of symmetrical field and half field edge and analyze them comparatively. A total of 50 patients with left breast cancer receiving the postoperative radiotherapy were selected. Among them, 25 patients were performed conserving surgery and 25 patients were performed radical mastectomy. After the operation, all the patients received the prescription dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Based on the Eclipse system, the symmetrical field continuous arc VMAT technology and the semi-field segmented arc VMAT technology were used to design the plan. Besides, the dose suitability data and the treatment efficiency of target areas and organs at risk were compared and analyzed.Results:The radiation size of half-field did not increase with the increased depth in the water mode. The symmetric field gradually enlarged due to the angle of tensor factor, increased to about 2 cm at the depth of 30 cm, and the delivery dose in the half-field was lower than that in the symmetric field. The closer the field edge is, the more obvious it is. Compared with the symmetric field continuous arc plan, the half-field segmental arc VMAT plan significantly improved the delivery dose of the lungs and heart ( t=-4.11, -4.42, P=0.00), in which the mean values of V5, V30, and Dmean for the whole structure of the heart were reduced by 52.5%, 65.5%, and 47%, respectively. The left anterior descending coronary artery, which was closely related to the target area, had a decrease of more than 20%. The mean values of V5, V10, V20, and Dmean of the affected lung were reduced by 21.6%, 24.8%, 25.0%, and 23.2%, respectively. The mean values of the doses of other endangered healthy organs, and the execution time of half-field segment arc plan were also better than the continuous arc plan. Conclusions:For breast cancer radiotherapy, the combination of half-field and VMAT can give full play to the advantages of half-field and VMAT, and significantly reduce the irradiated dose of the heart, affected lung, and healthy side of the breast.
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Objective To prepare the sunscreen lipstick in order to prevent UVA and UVB.Methods The ratio of bees-wax,castor oil and liquid paraffin were optimized with the orthogonal test based on viscosity and heat resistance.The spread-able ability,stability and the anti-ultraviolet effect of the optimized lipstick were investigated.Results The best ratio of bees-wax,castor oil and liquid paraffin was 8:5:4(w/w/w).The viscosity of the sunscreen lipstick was appropriate,easy to spread and stable,which was demonstrated the good prevention effect from UVA and UVB.Conclusion The advantages of the prepared sunscreen lipstick included simple preparation,low cost and stable quality.It could be a new type of sunscreen lipstick protecting from UVA and UVB.
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Objective To compare the improvement effect of three physical techniques on the transdermal absorption of sinap?ine thiocyanate(ST)in vitro,including microneedles,sonophoresis and iontophoresis,and to evaluate the mechanism and rules of physcial techniques on the transdermal absorption of poorly transdermal absorbed drugs. Methods In vitro transdermal experiment was carried out under the circumstances of microneedles,sonophoresis or iontophoresis,using the modified Franz diffusion pool. The 2 mg/ml ST solution was adopted as the donor solution, and the SD rats′abdomen skin was used as the model skin. Sampling was car?ried out at the predetermined time points and each sample was analyzed by HPLC. Cumulative transdermal amount and steady transder?mal absorption rate were calculated. Pathological slides were made after the skins were treated with microneedles ,sonophoresis and iontophoresis for 12 h. The structure changes were observed to evaluate the transdermal improvement mechanism of different technolo?gies. Results Accumulated transdermal amount of ST was little without any techniques. The transdermal improvement effect of differ?ent technologies was as follows:microneedles>sonophoresis>iontophoresis. A substantial hole formed on the skin by microneedles to promote ST transdermal absorption obviously. Sonophoresis disrupted the tight structure of skin and improved the transdermal absorp?tion of drugs easily. The effect of iontophresis on skin structure was little. Conclusion This study provides experimental evidence for choice of different techniques to improve transdermal absorption.
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Objective: The aim of the study is to validate whether the Recognition Of Stroke In the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale can be used by general practitioners (GPs) in an emergency medical service (EMS) protocol to transfer stroke patients from primary care center to advanced hospital with acute stroke center. Methods: GPs prospectively performed the ROSIER scale and the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) on suspected stroke patients as a transfer protocol. All patients were immediately transferred to the Level-II hospital for further treatment. Results: 468 of the 512 suspected stroke patients met the inclusion criteria in this study. The ROSIER scale showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 83.13% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 79.74-86.52%) and specificity of 80.88% (95% CI 77.32- 84.44%). The CPSS showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 78.01% (95% CI 74.26-81.76%) and specificity of 70.59% (95% CI 66.46-74.72%). The Kappa statistic value of the ROSIER scale and the CPSS were 0.601 and 0.454, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROSIER scale was large than the CPSS (AUC 0.855 vs. 0.791). However, the difference was not significantly different. Conclusions: This study suggest that ROSIER and CPSS could be used in an EMS protocol to transfer stroke patients from a primary care center to an advanced hospital offering thrombolysis service
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StrokeABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of the microsurgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord tumors.Methods38 patients with intramedullary spinal cord tumors were retrospectively analyzed,and the removal of the tumor cases and functional changes in patients after surgery was summarized.Results38 cases of intramedullary spinal cord tumors,17 cases of ependymoma were all totally removed under the microscope;13 cases of astrocytoma resection achieved in 5 cases,near total resection in 4 cases,partial resection in 4 cases;5 patients most of the lipoma removed;3 cases of hemangioblastoma resection were done.32 patients before surgery in patients with different degrees of movement disorders at discharge in 29 patients with different degrees of improvement,no change in 1 case,2 cases decreased compared with preoperation ;29 patients with varying degrees of preoperative sensory disturbance,21patients at discharge with improvement,5 patients had no change,three cases aggravated; 14 patients had sphincter dysfunction,12 patients improveed than before surgery 2 patients had no change.ConclusionEarhy diagnosis and taking early microsurgical treatment was the preferred method in treatment of Intramedullary spinal cord tumors in clinical application.
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BACKGROUND: The metal implant internal fixation exhibits good effect for femoral neck fractures of young patients, but few studies report the metal implant treatment for femoral neck fracture in the aged patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare different implant treatments for osteoporotic hip fractures in senile patients. METHODS: A total of 237 aged patients with osteoporotic hip fracture, aged from 60 to 96 years old, were recruited from the hospital between January 1998 and December 2008. There were 32 cases treated by cannulated screw internal fixation, 23 cases by anatomical plate internal fixation, 41 cases by dynamic hip screw internal fixation, 111 cases by bipolar femoral head replacement, and 30 cases by total hip replacement. Comparison of the incidence of complications and the recovery of hip function were performed in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cannulated screws, anatomical plates, dynamic hip screw internal fixation showed a higher complication rate significantly than bipolar femoral head replacement and total hip arthroplasty (P < 0.01); the good and excellent effect rate in cannulated screw, femoral end plate, and dynamic hip screw fixation was significantly lower than that in bipolar femoral head replacement and total hip arthroplasty (P < 0.001, P < 0.01). The results suggested that artificial joint replacement (bipolar femoral head replacement or total hip replacement) is the optimal choice for aged osteoporotic femoral neck fracture, cannulated screw fixation is suitable for Garden I, dynamic hip screw fixation and proximal femoral anatomical plate fixation fit for intertrochanteric fractures of Jensen-Evans I-Ⅱ; Jensen-Evans Ⅱ-Ⅲ osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures joint replacement is the ideal choice.
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Objective To discuss the effect of intra-operative and post-operative hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy for Ⅲb and IV gastric cancer on post-operative peritoneal metastasis and survival rate.Methods The clinical data of 31 cases of gastric cancer(control group)who underwent operation only and 50 cases(chemotherapy group)who receved operation combined with intra-operative and post-operative hyperthermic intra-peritoneal lavage chemotherapy were comparatively studied.Results The survival rate of control group after 2 years and 3 years was lower than that of the chemotherapy group,and the intraperitoneal recurrence raue of cootrol group after 2 years and 3 years was higher than that of chemotherapy group.Conclusions Intra-operative and post-operative hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy for gastric cancer has important significance in prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastasis and can improve survival rate.